|
Yoshinkan (養神館 ''Yōshinkan'' lit. "Hall of Spirit Cultivation") Aikido is a style of aikido that developed after World War II in the Yoshinkan Dojo of Gozo Shioda (1915–1994). Yoshinkan Aikido is often called the "hard" style of aikido because the training methods are a product of Shioda's grueling life before the war. Shioda named his dojo "Yoshinkan" after a dojo of the same name that was built by his father, a physician, who wanted to improve both physical and spiritual health.〔Shioda, G. ''(Aikido Jinsei: My Life in Aikido ).'' Trans. Payet & Johnston.〕 The Yoshinkan style is currently the second largest aikido organization worldwide.〔Pranin, S. "(Morihei Ueshiba and Gozo Shioda )." ''Aikido Journal'', December 2011.〕 ==Style== As a style of aikido, Yoshinkan is more akin to the pre-war ''aikibudo'' techniques taught by Morihei Ueshiba, and therefore also generally closer to aikijujutsu than those styles of aikido developed after the war. The unusual emphasis placed on correct form prior to practicing correct flow and timing further contributes to its image as a "hard" style. Gozo Shioda created a structured method in which beginning students would learn the foundation techniques. Techniques are performed by a pair of students called ''uke'' (受け, the partner on whom the technique is performed) and ''shite'' (仕手, the partner who performs the technique). They are categorized by elements such as the initiating attack, the applicable control and whether it is a pin or throw. They are further divided into two groups called ''ichi'' (first) and ''ni'' (second) techniques. ''Ichi'' techniques have a feeling of the energy moving towards ''uke'', while ''ni'' techniques have a feeling of energy moving towards ''shite''. For example, in an ''ichi'' technique, ''shite'' would move in the same direction as a pull by ''uke'', while in a ''ni'' technique, ''shite'' would divert or pivot away from a push by ''uke''. The current method of breaking the techniques into steps and the kihon dosa were developed in order to facilitate teaching beginners in a group. The kenshusei codified many of these methods in consultation with Gozo Shioda, especially Kyoichi Inoue and Takashi Kushida.〔http://www.aikidojournal.com/article?articleID=100〕〔http://www.aikidojournal.com/article?articleID=313〕〔http://www.misogikan.com/en/what-is-aikido/personalities/78-interview-with-hanshi-kyoichi-inoue〕 To remove stiffness from techniques taught in this way, practitioners over the rank of ''shodan'' also practice timing and flow.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yoshinkan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|